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SUNRISE:
A SONG OF TWO HUMANS
1927 -
FW Murnau
United States
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7
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Opening
Shot
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Before
opening to a dissolve into a crowed train station, Sunrise starts
with title cards reading, "This song of the Man and
his Wife is of no place and every place; you might hear it anywhere,
at any time. For whereever the sun rises and sets, in
the city's turmoil or under the open sky of the farm, life is
much the same; sometimes bitter, sometimes sweet."
And so begins one of the very greatest artistic achievements
in film.
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The
Film
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What
an amazing film this is! Simply in terms of artistic vision,
Sunrise was decades ahead of it's time. As was it filmmaker,
F.W. Murnau, who with such masterpieces created a cinematic
language for the art form to expand upon. Sunrise is so impressive
and so timeless it's mesmerizing. Ultimately, it's a film of
images more so then plot. What results is a film that connects
with both the characters and viewers subconscious. The performances
are outstanding by the cast in capturing the emotions and feelings
of Murnau's imagery. Their is not a single flaw, as each and
every moment stands as pure brilliance (particularly the scene
in which the married couple reunite their love and dream as
they walk in each others arms through the crowed streets, oblivious
to the city's congested surroundings). Using a free flowing
camera, superimposed images, and very little title cards, Sunrise
has a tone and style rarely seen in silent films. It's a multi-layered
drama / tragedy / love story of psychological human emotion
and behavior. While the tone and atmosphere is one of darkness,
Sunrise is a film of warmth, hope, compassion, and love. The
title can be viewed as a metaphor for the film: Even through
the dreariest of storms the sun will always rise eventually.
Such a lovely and hopeful film. Sunrise speaks of universal
themes and timeless themes of love and the loyalty, betrayal,
and redemption within love. But above all, this is a film of
poetry and of images and dreams of the mind. Watching Sunrise
is a magical, poetic and enriching cinema experience that exists
as one of the art forms legendary achievements. I deeply love
this film, and easily consider it among the greatest ever made!
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The
Filmmaker
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F.W.
(Friedrich Wilhelm) Murnau is one of the great innovators of
film history. While the likes of D.W. Griffith or Georges Melies
(among others) developed the earliest creations of cinematic
language, it was Murnau who truly took the earliest creation
into a masterfully expressive art. Murnau is a filmmaker that
could tell an entire story with pictures alone and unlike some
of Griffith's silent work, his films remain timeless and still
fresh as ever today. Through a skillful control of every visual
detail, Murnau's films captured flawless attention to photography,
set design, lighting, and above all the atmosphere. His films
capture emotions entirely through mood and visual imagery. He
set the standard for all filmmakers to follow and build upon.
To say his place in film history is important is an understatment.
Murnau began in Germany where silent cinema was at its creative
peak (with filmmakers such as Fritz Lang, Ernst Lubitsch, and
GW Pabst). These were films and filmmakers of Expressionism
and Artificial Realism that would reinvent the language of cinema
as an art form. Sadly Murnau's earliest films remain unseen
and lost today. However, what remains represents one of the
most influential artists in the history of film. Murnau earliest
acclaimed film is 1922's Nosferatu, a mysterious and chilling
retelling of Bram Stoker's Dracula. The film is a great achievement
in atmospheric horror that stands as a monumental film of influence.
Nosferatu establishes the definitive mastery of Murnau's visual
and atmospheric expression through its use of lighting, shadows,
and art direction (also much of the film was shot on location).
It also captures one of the significant themes in early German
cinema: the conflict of love and death. Nosferatu today stands
as one of Murnau's most celebrated works, but to me he would
go on to make even better films (each highly unique from one
another). Among them is what I believe to be his most influential,
1924's silent masterwork, The Last Laugh. Through it's simplistic
narrative and vivid imagery, The Last Laugh becomes a film of
emotional connection that displays the sheer beauty of silent
film. Here the camera completely changed the imagination of
filmmaking, as Murnau and his cinematographer Karl Freund innovated
techniques that gave the camera an expressive voice. After The
Last Laugh, Murnau continued to work with the same crew, notably
screenwriter Carl Mayer, who collaborator on a total of seven
films with Murnau in the 1920s. With their next film (Tartuffe)
Murnau and Mayer decided to adapt a satire play into a film-within-a-film.
Murnau's mastery of mise-en-scene combined with Emil Jennings
(who also starred The Last Laugh) make it an incredible achievement.
Murnau's next film (1926's Faust) would be his grandest of all
in terms of scale, and the most remarkable aspect of the film
is how effortlessly Murnau handles it all with the vision of
a poet. The world-wide success and attention of his last three
German films (Faust, Tartuffe, and especially The Last Laugh),
brought Murnau to Hollywood where he signed with Fox Studios.
For his first film he was given total artistic freedom and a
nearly unlimited budget to work with. As a result, Murnau made
one of the very greatest films in the history of cinema: 1927's
Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans. The film is a poem of visual
imagery, as it features almost no-title cards. It represents
silent cinema at it's highest peak, and is ultimately one of
the most beautiful artistic achievements in all of film history.
To watch Sunrise is a cinematic experience that only silent
cinema can capture, and really no film can ever top. There may
be films as good, but I don't think it is possible for a film
to be better then Sunrise. Murnau's freedom at Fox Studios would
quickly end, as his next film (4 Devils) remains lost after
the studio tried to force changes to incorporate sound. Then
Murnau's run at Fox ended after disagreement on his next film
1930's City Girl (Murnau left the film and Fox Studios for good).
He then teamed with documentary filmmaker Robert Flaherty to
produce their own film. Filmed entirely on location in the South
Seas 1931's Tabu features a completely non-professional cast
and a documentary like style a filmmaking. The film is a masterpiece
and concludes with one of the most beautifully poetic moments
of Murnau's career. A career that sadly and tragically ended
shortly after the completion of Tabu. Just 42 years old and
days before Paramount was planning to sign him to a 10-film
contract, Murnau died in a car accident just outside of Hollywood.
Murnau is a filmmaker that was always challenging both his own
films and the very language of cinema. He stands as one of the
great innovators of atmosphere, shadows, and camera movement,
as well as the quintessential master of telling stories through
images alone.
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Images
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Resources
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trailer
(youtube) |
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